Understanding Nephrotic Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment, and Lifestyle Changes - Nephrology

Nephrotic syndrome is a long-term kidney disorder that occurs in individuals of any age but is most often diagnosed in adults between the ages of 20 and 50. If left undiagnosed and untreated, it may lead to serious health complications. At Kongunad Kidney Center, our intention is to increase awareness about the disease and treat affected individuals with complete care.

What is nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome is an abnormality of the kidney that is characterized by the collection of high quantities of protein in the urine (proteinuria), decreased blood proteins, swelling (edema), and high blood cholesterol. It occurs due to damage to the glomeruli, the filtering structures in the kidneys that allow proteins such as albumin to leak into the urine.

Causes of nephrotic Syndrome

Causes of Nephrotic syndrome may be categorized into two.

• Primary Nephrotic Syndrome This occurs when the condition originates directly within the kidneys. Common examples include Minimal Change Disease, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and Membranous Nephropathy.
• Secondary Nephrotic Syndrome In this case, kidney damage is a consequence of an underlying systemic condition, such as:
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Lupus
  • Infections (such as hepatitis or HIV)
  • Certain drugs
  • Amyloidosis

Diagnosing Nephrotic Syndrome Symptoms

Early detection is essential. Be aware of the following signs and symptoms of nephrotic syndrome:

• Swelling (Edema): One of the most noticeable symptoms, especially in areas like the legs, ankles, and face. This occurs due to the loss of protein from the body.
• Foamy Urine: An indication of excess protein in the urine, giving it a bubbly or frothy appearance.
• Weight Gain: Not due to fat accumulation but because of fluid retention in the body.
• Fatigue and Weakness: Often caused by protein loss and poor nutritional balance.
• Loss of Appetite
• Elevated Cholesterol Levels

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult a kidney specialist promptly for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

How is Nephrotic Syndrome Diagnosed?

At Kongunad Kidney Center, we diagnose and monitor nephrotic syndrome using a comprehensive set of tests, including

• Urine Test: To check for proteinuria
• Blood Tests: To analyze albumin, cholesterol, and kidney function
• Renal Ultrasound: To assess the anatomy of kidneys
• Kidney Biopsy: Done in some cases for determining the core reason.

Nephrotic Syndrome Treatment Options

Treatment for nephrotic syndrome focuses on relieving symptoms, addressing the root cause of the condition, and preventing potential complications.

• Medications Corticosteroids, such as Prednisone are commonly used as the first-line treatment, particularly effective in managing nephrotic syndrome in children.
  • Diuretics to reduce swelling
  • ACE inhibitors or ARBs to decrease the rate of protein loss through urine and to maintain kidney function.
  • Statins to manage elevated cholesterol levels
  • Anticoagulants, to decrease the risk of blood clots
  We offer expert nephrotic syndrome treatment, which is specifically designed according to the needs of individual patients.
• Control of Protein in Urine Controlling proteinuria is a key goal in treatment and is typically achieved through a combination of medications and lifestyle modifications that support kidney function.
• Monitoring of Complications Follow-up to prevent or treat:
  • Acute kidney injury
  • Infection
  • Hypertension
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Lifestyle Modification for Kidney Function

Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits is essential when managing nephrotic syndrome. Below are some expert-recommended lifestyle modifications to help support kidney health:

• Follow a Kidney-Friendly Diet
  • Reduce salt consumption to decrease the blood pressure and swelling.
  • Keep saturated fat and cholesterol in check.
  • Use high-quality protein in moderation.
  • Include more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Consult a dietitian to create a personalized kidney-friendly diet.
• Drink Plenty of Fluid, But Not Too Much Stay hydrated by drinking water throughout the day; however, follow your nephrologist’s guidance regarding fluid intake to avoid overloading the kidneys.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight Obesity can put extra stress on the kidneys. Gentle exercise like walking, yoga, or swimming can be beneficial.
• Avoid Over-the-Counter NSAIDs The painkillers or any other medications might affect your kidney severely, so before taking any tablets or painkillers, consult your doctor.
• Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol These habits are likely to make your kidney weak, giving a hard time for your kidney and complicating the overall treatment.

Long-Term Follow-Up and Care

Nephrotic syndrome can often go into remission, but in some cases may require long-term care, especially if it is complicated by chronic diseases. Regular follow-ups with your nephrologist help monitor kidney function, modify treatments, and manage side effects.

At Kongunad Kidney Center, our long-term care approach for nephrotic syndrome includes:

• Regular laboratory tests
• Medication management
• Dietary counseling
• Patient education

Our goal is to minimize hospital visits and significantly improve the overall quality of life for individuals living with nephrotic syndrome.

Why Kongunad Kidney Center?

As Coimbatore’s leading nephrology hospital, Kongunad Kidney Center is renowned for:

• Multidisciplinary nephrology team
• High-tech diagnostic and treatment equipment
• Individualized care plans
• Attentive, patient-centered care

Whether adult or pediatric, we will guide you through every step of your nephrotic syndrome treatment journey with compassion and expertise.

Nephrotic syndrome is a serious but manageable condition. Understanding its symptoms, seeking timely diagnosis, and committing to the right treatment and lifestyle changes can make a life-changing difference. If you or someone you care about is experiencing swelling, foamy urine, or other signs of kidney disease, don’t delay.

Call us today at 99946 85814 to consult with our expert nephrologists at Kongunad Kidney Center, Coimbatore.